What is the process of comparing an instrument with a standard called?

The correct term for the process of comparing an instrument with a standard is calibration. Calibration is essential in ensuring that the measurements taken by the instrument are accurate and meet certain predefined standards. During calibration, an instrument is tested against a recognized standard or reference to determine any discrepancies in its measurements, allowing for adjustments or corrections to be made.

This process is vital in many fields, including nondestructive testing, where precision is crucial for identifying defects or irregularities in materials. Calibration helps to ensure that results are reliable and repeatable, which is crucial when making assessments based on data gathered from instruments.

Validation generally refers to the process of confirming that a method or system meets defined requirements and performs as expected in various conditions. Verification is often used in the context of ensuring that a specific component or system complies with regulations or standards. Confirmation can imply affirming the accuracy or reliability of information but does not specifically denote the comparative aspect inherent in calibration.